STM32HAL库（Free RTOS) 01 实现第一颗灯泡的点亮

本次学习与开发基于CubeMX与HAL库,故我们可以一起学习到CucMX的使用现在让我们开始点亮灯泡。一、CubMX的基础配置首先是SYS的配置一定要选Serial Wire串行线调试否则烧录一次之后STM32开发板会锁住我就犯过这个错误。然后是时间基准是系统滴答默认即可但如果是用FreeRTOS系统就不能用这个SysTick因为FreeRTOS也需要SysTick作为时间基准最好用TIM4高级定时器作为时间基准。然后是HSE高速外部时钟打开为外部晶振这样子精度高一点。HCLK设置为72MHZ,然后按两下回车自动帮你配置好时钟设置。给工程取名字和文件的存放位置然后是IDE选择为MKD-ARM,就是用的Keil,然后选择版本最后推荐为每个外设单独设置文件这样子可以直观的看到每个文件的参数。以上就是创建工程的流程二、点亮LED点一下PA1将其设置为output模式CubMX会自动将其配置为输出模式当然可以选择上下拉和输出模式。然后就可以生成代码。三、代码块/* USER CODE BEGIN Header *//** ****************************************************************************** * file : main.c * brief : Main program body ****************************************************************************** * attention * * Copyright (c) 2026 STMicroelectronics. * All rights reserved. * * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file * in the root directory of this software component. * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS. * ****************************************************************************** *//* USER CODE END Header *//* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/#includemain.h#includegpio.h/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN Includes *//* USER CODE END Includes *//* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PTD *//* USER CODE END PTD *//* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PD *//* USER CODE END PD *//* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PM *//* USER CODE END PM *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PV *//* USER CODE END PV *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/voidSystemClock_Config(void);/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP *//* USER CODE END PFP *//* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN 0 *//* USER CODE END 0 *//** * brief The application entry point. * retval int */intmain(void){/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 *//* USER CODE END 1 *//* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*//* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */HAL_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN Init *//* USER CODE END Init *//* Configure the system clock */SystemClock_Config();/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit *//* USER CODE END SysInit *//* Initialize all configured peripherals */MX_GPIO_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 *//* USER CODE END 2 *//* Infinite loop *//* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while(1){HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA,GPIO_PIN_1,GPIO_PIN_SET);HAL_Delay(500);HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA,GPIO_PIN_1,GPIO_PIN_RESET);HAL_Delay(500);/* USER CODE END WHILE *//* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */}/* USER CODE END 3 */}/** * brief System Clock Configuration * retval None */voidSystemClock_Config(void){RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct{0};RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct{0};/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure. */RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorTypeRCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEStateRCC_HSE_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValueRCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIStateRCC_HSI_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLStateRCC_PLL_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSourceRCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMULRCC_PLL_MUL9;if(HAL_RCC_OscConfig(RCC_OscInitStruct)!HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks */RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockTypeRCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSourceRCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDividerRCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDividerRCC_HCLK_DIV2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDividerRCC_HCLK_DIV1;if(HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(RCC_ClkInitStruct,FLASH_LATENCY_2)!HAL_OK){Error_Handler();}}/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 *//* USER CODE END 4 *//** * brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence. * retval None */voidError_Handler(void){/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug *//* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */__disable_irq();while(1){}/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */}#ifdefUSE_FULL_ASSERT/** * brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number * where the assert_param error has occurred. * param file: pointer to the source file name * param line: assert_param error line source number * retval None */voidassert_failed(uint8_t*file,uint32_tline){/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 *//* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number, ex: printf(Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n, file, line) *//* USER CODE END 6 */}#endif/* USE_FULL_ASSERT */四、总结学习了几个常见的HAL库函数HAL_GPIO_WritePin指定电平为高电平或者低电平HAL_Delay延时函数单位是毫秒