达梦数据库安装

1.达梦单实例卸载1.1关闭掉数据库进程[dmdbaxcc bin]$ ./DmServiceGRP1_RT_02 stopStopping DmServiceGRP1_RT_02: [ OK ]1.2执行卸载脚本[dmdbaxcc dmdbms]$ ./uninstall.sh -i请确认是否卸载达梦数据库(/opt/dmdbms/)? (y/Y:是 n/N:否)y是否删除dm_svc.conf配置文件? (y/Y:是 n/N:否):y删除uninstall.sh文件完成删除数据库目录完成使用root用户执行命令:/opt/dmdbms/root_uninstaller.sh[dmdbaxcc dmdbms]$[dmdbaxcc dmdbms]$ logout[rootxcc ~]#[rootxcc ~]# sh /opt/dmdbms/root_uninstaller.shRemovedsymlink/etc/systemd/system/multiuser.target.wants/DmWatcherServiceWatcher.service.Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/DmAPService.service.Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/DmServiceGRP1_RT_02.service.删除/etc/dm_svc.conf文件2.达梦单实例安装2.1服务器和操作系统检查本次检查环境为测试环境2.1.1磁盘测速[rootxcc ~]# dd if/dev/zero of/home/dmdba/test bs32K count4k oflagdsync记录了40960 的读入记录了40960 的写出134217728字节(134 MB)已复制7.01354 秒19.1 MB/秒2.1.2关闭防火墙[rootxcc ~]# systemctl status firewalld.servicefirewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemonLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)Active: inactive (dead)Docs: man:firewalld(1)[rootxcc ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service[rootxcc ~]# systemctl disable firewalld.service2.1.3 dmdba用户参数内核设置[rootxcc ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.confdmdba soft as unlimiteddmdba hard as unlimiteddmdba soft fsize unlimiteddmdba hard fsize unlimiteddmdba soft nproc 131072dmdba hard nproc 131072dmdba soft nofile 131072dmdba hard nofile 131072dmdba soft core unlimiteddmdba hard core unlimiteddmdba soft data unlimiteddmdba hard data unlimiteddmdba soft memlock unlimiteddmdba hard memlock unlimited2.1.4 /etc/sysctl.conf调整[rootxcc ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.confkernel.core_pattern/home/dmdba/core-%e-%p-%t-%svm.swappiness5vm.overcommit_memory0vm.min_free_kbytes 1153434参数解读kernel.core_pattern 数据库奔溃时生成的core dump文件路径vm.swappiness 交换分区内存小于256GB设置成10以下大于256GB关闭vm.overcommit_memory 内存分配策略0 表示启发式过度提交vm.min_free_kbytes 物理内存 ≤ 64Gvm.min_free_kbytes 1153434物理内存 64Gvm.min_free_kbytes 物理内存(KB) × 2%[rootxcc ~]# sysctl -p2.1.5禁止透明大页[rootxcc ~]# echo never /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled[rootxcc ~]# echo never /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag2.1.6磁盘io调度算法查看对应的盘符[rootxcc ~]# df -h文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点devtmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /devtmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shmtmpfs 2.0G 12M 2.0G 1% /runtmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/sda3 49G 29G 21G 59% //dev/sda1 197M 110M 88M 56% /boottmpfs 394M 0 394M 0% /run/user/0/dev/loop0 909M 909M 0 100% /mnt[rootxcc ~]# lsblkNAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTsda 8:0 0 50G 0 disk├─sda1 8:1 0 200M 0 part /boot├─sda2 8:2 0 1G 0 part [SWAP]└─sda3 8:3 0 48.8G 0 part /sr0 11:0 1 4.4G 0 romloop0 7:0 0 908.9M 0 loop /mntSda3属于sda固态盘echo noop /sys/block/sda/queue/schedulerecho none /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler机械磁盘echo deadline /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler2.1.7关闭selinux[rootxcc dmdba]# /usr/sbin/sestatus -vSELinux status: disabled[rootxcc dmdba]# cat /etc/selinux/config# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.# SELINUX can take one of these three values:# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.SELINUXdisabled# SELINUXTYPE can take one of three values:# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,# minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.# mls - Multi Level Security protection.SELINUXTYPEtargeted2.1.8 ARENA参数调整数据库相关线程只能从数据库已申请的内存池中进行资源分配添加export MALLOC_ARENA_MAX1[dmdbaxcc bin]$ vi DmServiceDMTEST#!/bin/bash### This shell script takes care of starting and stopping# the Dameng DmServiceXXX.## chkconfig: 2345 98 2# description: DM Instance Service.# service name: DmServiceXXX# pidfile: $DM_BIN_DIR/pids/$CUR_SERVICE_NAME.pid# version: V8.0.0.0### BEGIN INIT INFO# Provides: DmServiceDMTEST# Required-Start: $local_fs $remote_fs# Required-Stop: $local_fs $remote_fs# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5# Default-Stop: 0 1 6# Short-Description: start and stop database service### END INIT INFOexport MALLOC_ARENA_MAX12.2安装2.2.1下载对应ios镜像2.2.2创建用户[rootxcc ~]# groupadd dinstall -g 2001[rootxcc ~]# useradd -G dinstall -m -d /home/dmdba -s /bin/bash -u 2001 dmdba[rootxcc ~]# passwd dmdba2.2.3安装路径数据库软件安装路径 /home/dmdba数据库数据文件安装路径 /home/dmdba/data数据库备份文件路径 /home/dmbak数据库归档文件路径 /home/dmarch2.2.4挂载[rootxcc ~]# mount -o loop dm8_20260311_x86_centos7_64.iso /mnt/mount: /dev/loop0 写保护将以只读方式挂载2.2.5命令行安装[rootxcc mnt]# ll总用量 930657-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 2817052 11月 14 2025 DM8 Install.pdf-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 950175047 3月 11 2026 DMInstall.bin[dmdbaxcc mnt]$ ./DMInstall.bin -i 不启动图形化界面Installer Language:[1]: 简体中文[2]: EnglishPlease select the installers language [2]:1解压安装程序..........硬件架构校验通过欢迎使用达梦数据库安装程序是否输入Key文件路径? (Y/y:是 N/n:否) [Y/y]:n是否设置时区? (Y/y:是 N/n:否) [Y/y]:y设置时区:请选择时区 [21]:21安装类型:1 典型安装2 服务器3 客户端4 自定义请选择安装目录 [/opt/dmdbms]:/home/dmdba可用空间: 18G是否确认安装路径(/home/dmdba)? (Y/y:是 N/n:否) [Y/y]:y安装前小结安装位置: /home/dmdba所需空间: 1814M可用空间: 18G版本信息:有效日期:安装类型: 典型安装是否确认安装? (Y/y:是 N/n:否):y请以root系统用户执行命令:/home/dmdba/dmdbms/script/root/root_installer.sh[rootxcc ~]# sh /home/dmdba/script/root/root_installer.sh2.2.6初始化[dmdbaxcc bin]$ /home/dmdba/bin/dminit PATH/home/dmdba/data INSTANCE_NAMEGRP1_RT_02 PAGE_SIZE32 EXTENT_SIZE16 LOG_SIZE2048 case_sensitiveY charset0 SYSDBA_PWD**** SYSAUDITOR_PWD****write to dir [/home/dmdba/data/DAMENG].create dm database success. 2026-09-29 14:25:10主要参数PATH 存放的数据目录PAGE_SIZE 数据页大小EXTENT_SIZE 簇大小LOG_SIZE 重做日志文件大小最终会写在数据目录下DAMENG01.log和DAMENG02.logcase_sensitive 是否大小写敏感Y表示大小写敏感Charset 字符集0表示GB18030SYSDBA_PWD SYSDBA账号密码SYSAUDITOR_PWD 审计用户账号密码INSTANCE_NAME 数据库实例名主要是用于查看dmserver运行中的错误日志一般是dm_实例名_.log2.2.7注册服务[rootxcc root]# /home/dmdba/script/root/dm_service_installer.sh -t dmserver -dm_ini /home/dmdba/data/DAMENG/dm.ini -p DMTESTCreated symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/DmServiceDMTEST.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/DmServiceDMTEST.service.创建服务(DmServiceDMTEST)完成2.2.8参数优化本机器测环境cpu和内存如下根据本机的内存以及CPU核心数对参数进行优化以求达到性能最优以下是部分参数示例BUFFER1GTASK_THREADS4IO_THR_GROUPS8BUFFER_POOLS101MAX_SESSIONS1002.2.9数据库启动和停止2.2.9.1服务方式[dmdbaxcc bin]$ ./DmServiceDMTEST startStarting DmServiceDMTEST: [ OK ][dmdbaxcc bin]$ ./DmServiceDMTEST statusDmServiceDMTEST (pid 19690) is running.[dmdbaxcc bin]$ ps -ef|grep dmserverdmdba 19690 1 53 14:30 pts/0 00:00:17 /home/dmdba/bin/dmserver path/home/dmdba/data/DAMENG/dm.ini -noconsoledmdba 19858 19618 0 14:31 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --colorauto dmserver[dmdbaxcc bin]$ ./DmServiceDMTEST stopStopping DmServiceDMTEST: [ OK ]2.2.9.2 命令行[dmdbaxcc bin]$ /home/dmdba/bin/dmserver /home/dmdba/data/DAMENG/dm.ini nsvr_process_before_open begin.nsvr_process_before_open success.SYSTEM IS READY.2.10登录数据库[dmdbaxcc bin]$ ./disqldisql V8用户名:SYSDBA密码:服务器[LOCALHOST:5236]:处于普通打开状态登录使用时间 : 11.142(ms)SQLSQL select * from all_users;行号 USERNAME USER_ID CREATED---------- ---------- ----------- --------------------------1 SYS 50331648 2026-09-29 14:30:53.9418962 SYSDBA 50331649 2026-09-29 14:30:53.9418963 SYSAUDITOR 50331650 2026-09-29 14:30:53.9418964 SYSSSO 50331651 2026-09-29 14:30:53.941896更多资讯请上达梦技术社区了解https://eco.dameng.com