Three.js 城市线条教程

城市线条 ·City Line· ▶ 在线运行案例案例合集三维可视化功能案例threehub.cn开源仓库github地址https://github.com/z2586300277/three-cesium-examples400个案例代码:网盘链接你将学到什么ShaderMaterial 自定义着色器实现核心视觉效果OrbitControls 相机轨道交互FBXLoader 加载 FBX 城市/角色模型EdgesGeometry 模型边线提取requestAnimationFrame渲染循环与resize自适应效果说明本案例演示城市线条效果基于 WebGL 实现「城市线条」可视化效果附完整可运行源码核心用到 ShaderMaterial、OrbitControls、FBXLoader。建议先打开文首在线案例查看动态画面再对照下方源码逐步理解。核心概念Scene / Camera / WebGLRenderer构成最小渲染闭环大场景可开logarithmicDepthBuffer缓解 Z-fighting。ShaderMaterial通过uniforms 自定义 GLSL 控制逐像素/逐点效果透明粒子常配合depthTest: false。OrbitControls提供轨道旋转/缩放开启enableDamping后需在 animate 中controls.update()。实现步骤搭建 Scene、PerspectiveCamera、WebGLRenderer挂载 canvas 并处理resize异步加载模型 / 3D Tiles / GeoJSON 等资源并加入 scene 或 entities定义 uniforms / onBeforeCompile 或 ShaderMaterial编写 GLSL 与材质参数创建 OrbitControls及 Raycaster 等交互控件若源码包含在requestAnimationFrame循环中更新状态并 renderCesium 为viewer.render或自动渲染代码要点import * as THREE from threeimport { OrbitControls } from three/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls.js import { FBXLoader } from three/examples/jsm/loaders/FBXLoader.jsclass City {constructor() { this.fbxLoader new FBXLoader(); this.group new THREE.Group(); this.clock new THREE.Clock() this.surroundLineMaterial null;// 定义包围线材质属性 this.time { value: 0 }; this.startTime { value: 0 }; this.startLength { value: 2 } this.isStart false;this.fbxLoader.load(FILE_HOST models/fbx/shanghai.FBX, (group) {this.group.add(group); group.traverse((child) { // 设置城市建筑mesh物体材质基本颜色 if (child.name CITY_UNTRIANGULATED) { const materials Array.isArray(child.material) ? child.material : [child.material] materials.forEach((material) { material.transparent true; material.color.setStyle(#9370DB); }) }// 设置城市地面mesh物体材质基本颜色 if (child.name LANDMASS) { const materials Array.isArray(child.material) ? child.material : [child.material] materials.forEach((material) { material.transparent true; material.color.setStyle(#040912); }) } })this.init(); }); }// 初始化城市类的实例 init() { this.isStart true; // 城市渲染启动 this.clock.start() this.surroundLine(); }// 创建包围线条效果 surroundLine() { let cityBuildings // 城市建筑群 this.group.traverse(child { if (child.name ! CITY_UNTRIANGULATED) return cityBuildings child })const geometry new THREE.EdgesGeometry(cityBuildings.geometry); const surroundLineMaterial new THREE.ShaderMaterial({ transparent: true, uniforms: { uColor: { value: new THREE.Color(#FFF) } }, vertexShader:void main() { gl_Position projectionMatrixmodelViewMatrixvec4(position, 1.0); }, fragmentShader:uniform vec3 uColor; void main() { gl_FragColor vec4(uColor, 1); }});const line new THREE.LineSegments(geometry, surroundLineMaterial); line.name surroundLine; line.applyMatrix4(cityBuildings.matrix.clone()) cityBuildings.parent.add(line) }updateData () { if (!this.isStart) return false; const dt this.clock.getDelta(); this.time.value dt; this.startTime.value dt; if (this.startTime.value this.startLength.value) { this.startTime.value this.startLength.value; } } }const box document.getElementById(box)const scene new THREE.Scene()const camera new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(75, box.clientWidth / box.clientHeight, 0.1, 1000000) camera.position.set(600, 750, -1221)const renderer new THREE.WebGLRenderer({ antialias: true, alpha: true }) renderer.setSize(box.clientWidth, box.clientHeight) renderer.setPixelRatio(Math.min(window.devicePixelRatio, 2)); renderer.setClearColor(new THREE.Color(#32373E), 1);const controls new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement) controls.enableDamping truewindow.onresize () { renderer.setSize(box.clientWidth, box.clientHeight) camera.aspect box.clientWidth / box.clientHeight camera.updateProjectionMatrix() }box.appendChild(renderer.domElement)// 坐标轴 scene.add(new THREE.AxesHelper(100000)) const light new THREE.AmbientLight(0xadadad, 3); // 环境光soft white light const directionalLight new THREE.DirectionalLight(0xffffff, 1.5); // 方向光 directionalLight.position.set(100, 100, 0); scene.add(light); scene.add(directionalLight);// 实例化 const city new City({}); scene.add(city.group);// 渲染 animate() function animate() { city.updateData(); controls.update() renderer.render(scene, camera) requestAnimationFrame(animate) }完整源码GitHub小结本文提供城市线条完整 Three.js 源码与在线 Demo建议先运行案例再改 uniform/参数做二次实验更多 Three.js 实战案例见 three-cesium-examples 合集 与 GitHub 开源仓库