七、双宾语结构

双宾语结构Double Object Construction是英语核心句型之一指一个谓语动词后接两个宾语表达 “给 / 为某人做某事 / 某物” 的含义。一、双宾语动词的四类1、介词 to 类V sb sth V sth to sb高频词汇explain、introduce、suggest、announce、describe、mention、report、say单词含义必须带介词give给pass递给hand上交/递给send寄送lend借出return归还show展⽰tell告诉offer主动提供sell卖write写给read读给……听bring带来explain解释是introduce介绍是suggest建议是propose提议是announce宣布是declare声明是mention提及是report报告是describe描述是repeat重复是say说是speak讲是talk谈论是whisper⼩声说是point out指出是2、介词 for 类V sb sth V sth for sb高频词汇prepare、provide、reserve单词含义必须带介词buy买否make制作否cook做饭否get弄到/买否order订餐/订购否choose挑选否find替⼈找到否prepare为……准备是fix修理是repair修理是decorate装饰是reserve预订是book预订是select挑选是provide提供是3、绝对不能转换的双宾动词只能⽤V sb sth单词含义ask问cost花费某物花某⼈钱wish祝愿save节省/留spare匀出/留出deny拒绝给予take花费时间envy嫉妒forgive原谅4、只⽤ of / about / with 介词单词含义介词accuse控告ofremind提醒ofrob抢劫ofwarn警告of / about / againstinform通知of / aboutconvince使信服ofsatisfy使满意with二、语法细节进阶1、代词硬性规则当直接宾语是it /them/him/her 等人称代词宾格时必须使用 “V 代词 to/for sb” 结构绝对不能放在间接宾语后面V sb 代词。记忆口诀代词放中间名词随便换正确Send it to my manager.错误Send my manager it.正确I bought them for my classmates.错误I bought my classmates them.2、双宾语 vs 复合宾语1本质区别双宾语两个宾语都是动词的作用对象二者是并列关系无逻辑主谓关系。复合宾语宾语 宾补宾补用来补充说明宾语的状态、身份宾语和宾补之间有逻辑主谓关系。2万能判断法be 动词测试在 sb 和后面的成分之间加be 动词逻辑通顺则是复合宾语不通顺则是双宾语。原句be 动词测试结构类型He gave me a pen.I am a pen.逻辑不通双宾语We call him Jack.He is Jack.逻辑通顺复合宾语宾补She made me a cake.I am a cake.逻辑不通双宾语She made me angry.I am angry.逻辑通顺复合宾语宾补3、双宾变被动语态双宾语句子变被动时两个宾语均可提前作主语形成两种被动结构。1间接宾语人作主语直接保留直接宾语在动词后是最自然的表达形式。主动The company offered him a job.被动He was offered a job (by the company).2直接宾语物作主语间接宾语前必须补上对应的介词 to /for。主动The company offered him a job.被动A job was offered to him (by the company).3更多示例主动Mom bought me a dictionary.被动 1I was bought a dictionary (by Mom).被动 2A dictionary was bought for me (by Mom).